Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease usually has active periods (flares) with alternating asymptomatic phases, although in some people there are ongoing symptoms despite treatment. These symptoms vary depending on the area of the intestine affected, but usually include the following:

• Diarrhea of more than 6 weeks evolution, in many cases, with blood.
• Abdominal pain and weight loss.
• Fatigue and general malaise.
• Joint pain.
• Development of perianal fistulas.
• Inflammation of other regions such as skin, joints or liver.
• Kidney stones.
• Anemia.
• Stunted growth, when initiated in children.

Some research suggests that stress may worsen or even trigger the onset of symptoms. In addition, in some people, certain foods may also worsen symptoms.

Preventing the development of Crohn's disease is not possible because the exact causes of its onset are not known, although it is possible to act against certain risk factors that influence its development and aggravate the pathology, such as smoking. It has been proven that smoking increases the risk of developing this disorder, also increasing the risk of complications in those who suffer from the disease.

In patients diagnosed with CD, there are therapies that can help to significantly reduce their signs and symptoms and can even achieve some remission of the disease. In addition to the pharmacological and surgical treatments available, there are actions that can help prevent a flare-up or reduce symptoms:

• Avoid carbonated beverages.
• Avoid high-fiber foods.
• Drink more fluids.
• Eat smaller amounts of food more frequently.
• Keep a food diary to help identify foods that may cause problems.