Histaminosis or excess histamine in the blood occurs when there is a high intake of histamine in our diet or when it is not metabolized and eliminated correctly.
Histamine intolerance
Histamine is a substance involved in numerous biological and physiological processes. It is synthesized and stored in granules inside certain blood cells that are part of the immune system and is also present in many foods, either naturally or as a result of the action of microorganisms.
At the physiological level, histamine is involved in the stimulation of gastric juice secretion, inflammation, neurotransmission, smooth muscle contraction, among other processes.
When there is a deficit in the DAO enzyme at intestinal level, histamine is not eliminated correctly and is absorbed in the intestine through which when it reaches the blood it can accumulate in different tissues producing symptoms, which are reversible and transitory, similar to an allergic reaction, such as headache, urticaria, diarrhea and constipation.
Genes analyzed
AOC1
Bibliography
Ayuso P., García-Martín E., et al. Genetic variability of human diamine oxidase: occurrence of three nonsynonymous polymorphisms and study of their effect on serum enzyme activity. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2007 Sep;17(9):687-93.
Comas-Basté O., Sánchez-Pérez S., et al. Histamine Intolerance: The Current State of the Arts. Biomolecules. 2020 Aug 14;10(8):1181.
García-Martín E., Ayuso P., et al. Histamine pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics. 2009 May;10(5):867-83.
García-Martín E., Martínez C.., et al. Diamine oxidase rs10156191 and rs2052129 variants are associated with the risk for migraine. Headache. 2015 Feb;55(2):276-86.
