Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is a set of symptoms that affect the nose and paranasal sinuses. It is usually triggered by allergens such as dust, mites, or cat and dog hair. It is a very common disorder, affecting between 20-40% of the global population.

The most important risk factor for allergic rhinitis is the genetic component. Having a first-degree relative affected can increase the probability of suffering from it by up to 75%.

However, in addition to the above, there are various environmental factors that also contribute to its development, including:

• Having allergies or asthma.
• Suffering from atopic dermatitis or eczema.
• Living in an environment of continuous exposure to allergens, smoke, or odors that irritate the nasal epithelium.
• Having a mother who smoked during pregnancy and/or the first year of life.

It is usually a chronic condition with symptoms that can appear continuously or be seasonal, triggered by exposure to allergens (pollen, dust mites, pet dander, etc.). Symptoms include:

• Nasal drip and nasal congestion
• Itching and redness of the eyes
• Coughing and sneezing
• Itchy nose and throat
• Bluish or swollen skin under the eyes
• Difficulties sleeping and fatigue

There is no effective way to prevent the development of allergic rhinitis, although it is possible to reduce symptoms by avoiding exposure to triggering allergens and taking appropriate medications for control.