Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a chronic skin disease of autoimmune nature, characterized by the appearance of depigmented areas due to the loss of skin pigment (melanin). Lesions can be of any shape and size and can affect any part of the skin and mucous membranes. It is a relatively common disease, affecting 1%-2% of the population, and sometimes occurs frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis.

Vitiligo occurs when the cells that produce melanin (melanocytes) die or stop producing melanin. The origin is not clear, but it may be related to:

• Autoimmune disorder.
• Family history.
• Triggering events such as stress, sunburn, or skin trauma.

Vitiligo is a benign disease with no significant health consequences. It can begin at any age, but it is more commonly seen before the age of 30. The most common signs of vitiligo include:

• Irregular loss of skin color, which usually first appears on the hands, face, and areas around body openings.
• Premature discoloration of hair, eyelashes, or eyebrows.
• Loss of color in mucous membranes.

Vitiligo has no cure, but there are treatments that can help stop or slow down the process of color loss.

There is no specific prevention against the appearance of vitiligo.

Once diagnosed, there are actions that can be taken to slow its progression, such as:

• Protecting the skin from sun exposure by using high SPF creams.
• Avoiding exposure to artificial sources of UV rays, such as tanning beds.
• Avoiding situations that may be triggering, such as stress or skin trauma.