Neuroticisms

Neuroticism is one of the main personality traits referring to a person`s tendency to experience negative emotions, such as anxiety, sadness, irritability and worry.

Since its introduction in the 1960s, the definition of the term neuroticism has undergone various conceptualizations. In general, it refers to the relatively stable tendency to view the world and one`s own life negatively and to respond with negative emotions to threatening experiences, frustration or loss. Despite the difficulty in conceptualizing neuroticism, there seems to be a consensus that the main characteristic would be the tendency to experience negative emotions. These negative emotions have included irritability, fear, sadness, anxiety, worry, hostility, alterations in self-awareness, and feelings of vulnerability and uncontrollability.

People with a high level of neuroticism tend to be more likely to experience negative emotions intensely and more frequently compared to those with a low level of neuroticism. They may be more susceptible to stress, anxiety and depression. In addition, they may have a greater emotional reaction to challenges and adverse situations in everyday life.

On the other hand, people with low neuroticism tend to be more emotionally stable, are more resistant to stress, and tend to maintain a calmer and more optimistic attitude even in the face of difficult situations.

It is important to note that neuroticism is not considered intrinsically negative. All personality traits, including neuroticism, exist on a spectrum and may have advantages in certain situations. For example, people with a moderate level of neuroticism may be aware of potential problems and take steps to address them. However, when neuroticism is at extremely high levels, it can interfere with a person`s quality of life and daily functioning.

Neuroticism is influenced by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and life experience factors. Among the biological factors we can find that differences in the activity of the limbic system and the amygdala, areas of the brain related to emotions, can influence neurotic tendencies. In turn, traumatic events, family difficulties, bullying, cultural values or social norms, among others, may contribute to the development of emotional and cognitive patterns associated with neuroticism.